All the Way Leadership Blog

A final quote about making good decisions from a famous leadership guru

The main focus of this leadership blog during 2022 has been making good decisions. Let’s wrap up this topic with a quote from a famous leadership guru that hammers home why it is important. If you want to be a great leader you must be able to make good decisions. Bad decisions lead to bigger problems down the road.

“Most discussions of decision making assume that only senior executives make decisions or that only senior executives’ decisions matter. This is a mistake.”
Peter Drucker

All leaders make many decisions

Peter Drucker is saying that if you are in a leadership position you will make decisions. It is a fundamental part of any leadership role. You may ask yourself – am I a leader? The simple answer is if you are in charge of anything or anyone then you are in a leadership position. Make sure you know how to make decisions, good ones. Remember, if you choose not to make a decision, then you have made a decision—the decision to do nothing which is usually unacceptable.

Leaders get paid to make tough decisions.

What happens when lower-level leaders make bad decisions

When junior leaders make bad decisions it produces terrible results. If they go unchecked, by senior and executive leaders really bad things can happen. I will use a real-world example to drive home this point. In 2018 a consultant provided a warning to a property management company about the state of their buildings in a Miami complex. It cited “alarming evidence of major structural damage to the concrete slab below the pool deck and abundant cracking and crumbling of the columns, beams, and walls of the parking garage under the 13-story building. Reports were filed, and plans were made, but the work was not completed in time. The buildings collapsed in the middle of the night on June 24th, 2021, and killed almost 100 people. A series of bad decisions and delays by execution-level leaders was not caught in time to avoid this tragedy.

Good decisions are needed at all levels of an organization

Peter Drucker is reminding us that decisions matter at all levels of an organization, not just at the top. Yes – senior executive-level decisions are hugely important. Decisions made by lower-level leaders also create impacts – either positive or negative. In high-performing organizations, execution-level leaders are empowered, and they make good decisions. At the other end of the spectrum, lower-level leaders may be inhibited from making decisions, or they are not trained to make good ones. Instead, they make bad decisions that create negative impacts. If left unchecked bad decisions made by non-executive leaders can lead to catastrophic results.

Empower and train your leaders so that they know how to make good decisions

How do you avoid a scenario like the one in Miami? Empower your leaders and train them so that they know how to make good decisions. Your team will amaze you with results if you make this investment. The more good decisions your leaders make, the better off your team will be today and down the road.

Help your leaders make good decisions with relevant training.

ATW! will make you a better leader

I hope you join me on this journey to raise the next generation of leaders. The world is in desperate need of more great leaders. Women and men who lead with confidence, clarity, and creativity. It’s time to become the leader that your world needs. Let’s go All The Way!

All The Way Leadership!

What is another horrible mistake to avoid when making decisions?

Our Brigade Commander gave the order. We would ruck march over 20 miles to start the field training exercise. His Battalion Commanders and staff recommended against this approach, but the Colonel didn’t listen. He said that is what they did in his last unit. We would do the same. His bias showed. I was an infantry platoon leader in the 82nd Airborne Division. I wondered why we were not training like we would fight – parachute assault into the field. It didn’t matter what I thought. We road marched the many miles as ordered. It sucked.

Rucking with a heavy load is exhausting.

Our Commanders bias caused him to make a bad decision

The road march was miserable. Laden with heavy rucks everyone suffered. Many paratroopers sustained injuries and everyone was exhausted by it. Things got worse from there. Over the next two weeks, many more soldiers were injured or sick as the days wore on. Morale plummeted and we performed poorly. By the end, our unit was no longer deployment ready. Our Brigade Commander got an ass chewing from the general afterward. He had made a common error in judgment – letting his bias get in the way of making a good decision.

Well-trained leaders listen to others before making decisions

A horrible mistake is making badly biased decisions

We all have biases. They are based on many things – your background, your experience, your knowledge, and a wide array of other facets. As leaders, having biases is not the problem. Making badly biased decisions is where we get ourselves into trouble. Cognitive bias comes in many different types. Researchers have identified several that can affect our ability to make good decisions. I am going to focus on two that deserve attention – confirmation bias and the bandwagon effect.

What is confirmation bias?

Wikipedia provides a clear definition. “Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one’s prior beliefs or values. People display this bias when they select the information that supports their views, ignoring contrary information, or when they interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing attitudes.”

Confirmation bias is a trap for leaders

Many leaders fall into the trap of confirmation bias. Rather than seek input to make a good decision, they start with the answer they want and look for data to support their answer. I have witnessed many strong leaders make this mistake. I have done so myself. Confirmation bias may be based on your experience or relying on an approach that worked previously. If the decision is similar or the same as previous ones in your career it might work again. But, be careful. The more experienced you are as a leader the easier it is to let confirmation bias rule your decisions.

I like this representation of confirmation bias

How do you overcome confirmation bias?

The easy answer for overcoming confirmation bias is to gather sufficient data and listen to your stakeholders’ perspectives. That is a lot easier said than done. Gathering data takes time, and your stakeholders may have wildly different ideas than you. Strong leaders gather all the inputs they can and factor that data into their decisions whenever possible. I recognize that in some scenarios time is not your friend. You need to make decisions quickly. In that case, I recommend talking with at least one other person about the decision before you make it.

Get input from others to avoid confirmation bias.

What is the bandwagon effect?

In a word it is groupthink. This site provides a more detailed definition: “The bandwagon effect is a psychological phenomenon in which people do something primarily because other people are doing it, regardless of their own beliefs, which they may ignore or override.” Another term for it is herd mentality.

The bandwagon effect is a problem for some teams

I see the bandwagon effect all the time in the workplace. A leader offers a solution and everyone agrees with it way too quickly. Rather than debate the idea or ask insightful questions – everyone falls in line. The bandwagon effect is a real problem for some teams because the group is relying on the ideas of the leader rather than thinking for themselves. This leadership model is sometimes called the genius with a thousand helpers. Geniuses are rare and this approach does not scale well since the leader needs to weigh in on everything. Strong leaders are aware of the bandwagon effect and take steps to avoid it becoming the norm.

Followers need to think for themselves rather than simply agree with the leader.

One way to counter the bandwagon effect is to let others go first

If you are wondering what is an effective way to negate the bandwagon effect as a leader. It is to let others go first. Ask your team members for their thoughts, perspectives, and ideas before voicing yours. It is hard for strong leaders to always be patient, but this approach helps you make better decisions. One of your team members may have the best solution and you will never know unless you ask.

Strong leaders ask their team memebers questions for input.

One caveat – a bias towards action is a good thing

There is one bias that I believe is a positive attribute for leaders – a bias towards action. Too many leaders are hesitant to make decisions and waste a lot of time thinking about problems rather than doing something about them. Yes – complicated challenges and strategic issues may take time to resolve. But I much prefer working with leaders who are doers rather than overthinkers.

You miss 100% of the shots you never take.
Wayne Gretzky

ATW! will make you a better leader

I hope you join me on this journey to raise up the next generation of leaders. The world is in desperate need of more great leaders. Women and men who lead with confidence, clarity, and creativity. It’s time to become the leader that your world needs. Let’s go All The Way!

All The Way Leadership!

What is a horrible mistake to absolutely avoid when making decisions?

Our Battalion Commander figured no one would notice. He was deployed, and so was she. They just happened to be in the same unit. Work forced them to spend a lot of time together. He decided to start an intimate relationship with this Army Major. Two big problems – he was married, and she was his direct subordinate. Others did notice that they were rather casual around each other. Too casual – so they looked into it. My battalion commander was caught red-handed in an extramarital affair which is unacceptable behavior for an officer, especially a West Point graduate. He was removed from command and sent back to the States in shame. A twenty-year career down the drain because of his horrible decision. He knew better.

A bad personal decision can take your career off a cliff.

A horrible mistake is making poor personal decisions

There is a marketing campaign that says whatever happens in Vegas stays in Vegas. Clever slogan. Unfortunately, this is not true for leaders. The horrible mistake you should absolutely avoid when it comes to decisions is making poor personal choices. What does that mean? Do not lie, cheat, or steal. You will get caught at some point. Pay attention to the choices you make after hours as well. Some of you may say that it doesn’t matter. I believe that is a naive perspective. It does. I remind the leaders I work with before every holiday party – to have fun, but don’t become legendary. Don’t drink so much that others talk about you for years to come.

A marketing slogan – not a leadership principle.

We live in the age of transparency

For better or for worse, we live in the age of transparency. If you are a leader and do something stupid, like sleep with a subordinate, people will find out. Nowadays almost everyone has a phone that includes a camera and microphone. It is easy for someone to record your bad behavior and share it with others. If you sexually harass your employees it will be revealed at some point in time. What should leaders do? Think before you act. I am not saying that you need to live a monk’s lifestyle. Rather I am saying to be smart when it comes to making personal decisions. If your parents or spouse will be embarrassed by what you are about to do…don’t do it.

Phones and cameras are practically everywhere nowadays.

Many leaders fall into this horrible trap

I could list leaders who have fallen into that trap. But, I don’t need to do that. We all know a leader who made a poor personal decision and paid the price down the road. For example, I have watched leaders get fired after a corporate off-site or holiday party because they decided to get drunk which led to unacceptable unprofessional behavior. It probably seemed funny to them at the time, but was it worth it? The answer is no. I cannot emphasize this enough – be smart when it comes to your personal decisions to include what you post on social media sites. The last thing you want to do is explain a stupid tweet you posted long ago when you knew better but did it anyway.

Some leaders don’t learn from their poor personal decisions.

One caveat – enjoy yourself when you are on vacation

I am a big fan of relaxing and having a good time when you are on vacation. Let your hair down and enjoy yourself. If you are a strong leader and work hard at your job, you deserve to take a break from the daily grind every now and then. Just make sure that you don’t go overboard and end up making poor personal decisions you will regret.

The opportunity to step away from everything and take a break is something that shouldn’t be squandered.
Harper Reed

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Honoring a hometown hero this Memorial Day for paying the ultimate price

This weekend we honor the fallen by commemorating Memorial Day. It is one of the most important American holidays. Many of us know someone who paid the ultimate price to keep us free. If you served in the military over the past few decades it is more than likely that you are aware of an empty chair at a family table somewhere this weekend. With that thought in mind, I am honoring a hometown hero that I knew who sacrificed his life several years ago. Every Memorial Day I remember Humayun Khan. I pray that he forever rest in peace.

Captain Khan’s tombstone in Arlington Cemetary.

A hero and his family face controversy

A few years ago there was a lot of talk about Captain Humayun Khan, an American hero. His father’s comments at the 2016 Democratic National Convention created a tidal wave of media coverage. People took sides, the press stirred the pot. Instead of his death bringing Americans together, it divided us even more. At the time I was concerned that the most important part of the story was getting lost in all the noise. So, I am going to share the details of the heroic actions of Captain Khan. Both of my sons have heard this story many times before, but it is worth telling again.

Political ad from 2016 that included the Khan family

I knew Humayun Khan when he was a student

He was enrolled in the University of Virginia Army ROTC program while I was an instructor there from 1999 to 2001. I remember Humayun as a fine young man. He was pretty serious, focused on success, and responsive to training. He performed well as an ROTC cadet. To be frank – he did not really stand out from his peers. He fit in and showed great leadership potential like all his classmates did when they graduated from UVA and received their commissions. I did not think much about him until years later when I learned that he was killed in action while serving in Iraq. Like everyone who knew him, I took the news hard. I could only imagine what his family was going through. I can think of no greater challenge in life than losing a child. It must be devastating. My sympathies to the Khan family.

*Khizr and Ghazala Khan announced the Humayun Khan Memorial Scholarship Fund at UVA.*

Captain Khan was a brave hero when it mattered most

It is worth talking about the heroic actions Captain Khan took when he paid the ultimate sacrifice. Here is a brief description:

On June 8, 2004, Khan was inspecting a guard post when a suspicious taxicab began approaching too quickly. Ordering his subordinates away from the vehicle, Khan ran forward 10–15 steps and was killed by a suicide car bomb fitted with an improvised explosive device. The car detonated before it could reach the gates or the nearby mess hall where hundreds of soldiers were eating breakfast. Khan was also posthumously awarded the Bronze Star Medal and the Purple Heart and is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.

Plaque for Captain Khan that hangs on the Rotunda at UVA.

Several years ago I participated in Veteran’s Day activities at a local elementary school. At that event, I shared the story of Captain Khan with the students. I explained the circumstances of his death and described three reasons why I believe he is a true American hero. It seems appropriate to share them this Memorial Day.

Captain Khan’s actions demonstrate three hero-like qualities

Captain Khan put others first. He ordered his troops to take cover so that they were safe while he assessed the situation. He thought about them before he thought about himself.
Captain Khan possessed the personal courage to face danger head-on. He did not shy away from it. It is not a natural act for any of us to put ourselves in harm’s way. In this case, he saved the lives of many, by sacrificing his own.
Captain Khan built a legacy for others to emulate. His story of courage, bravery, and sacrifice should inspire us to greatness. When I think of Khan and his sacrifice, it makes me want to be a better person. I hope it does the same for you.

Captain Khan’s parents doing an interview.

Real heroes do exist

I do not expect that many of us will ever face a similar situation. Lord knows that I hope none of us ever do. But, it is reassuring to know that we have heroes like Khan in our midst. Heroes do exist. They don’t wear capes, fly an invisible jet, or come from another planet. Rather they are everyday people – like you and me. The difference is that they do extraordinary things when called into action.

In a twist of fate, my family used to live in the same house that the Khans owned when their son died. After we moved in I met his family, and we exchanged letters multiple times. I will share that part of the story at another time. This blog post is about honoring a hero, Captain Humayun Khan, so I will end here.

There is no greater love than to lay down one’s life for one’s friends.
John 15:13

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Four lessons learned for how to make good decisions

Captain Goofball asked for my advice before making a big decision. Did he need to fire someone on his leadership team? I asked what his gut was telling him. Captain Goofball said every part of him was saying to fire the guy. His subpar subordinate was a low performer with a bad attitude. Do it was my recommendation. He thanked me for my input. I was a Company Commander in the Army, wondering if I was experiencing a lessons-learned moment for making good decisions. My hunch was correct.

Sometimes you need to fire a poor performer.

Things went from bad to worse

Captain Goofball did not fire the person. Problems got worse. His unit’s performance declined quickly. It was a direct result of Captain Goofball’s reluctance to replace a low-performing leader. Everyone knew how to solve the problem – fire the guy. Captain Goofball eventually was moved into a new position because he had made a bad decision. He chose to do nothing about the problem and paid the price.

If you fail to make tough decisions – you might lose your leadership role.

Learn from others’ mistakes to avoid repeating them – pay attention to your gut response

Captain Goofball knew instinctively that he needed to fire his lackluster leader. Rather than trust his gut he chose to ignore it. The first lesson learned for making good decisions is to pay attention to your gut response. I am not saying that you should make all decisions based on how your gut reacts. Rather I am recommending that you not ignore it, especially when you are making a decision and your gut is screaming – NO! According to this article – your gut is smarter than you think.

Simon Sinek on whether you should trust your gut

Lesson Learned #2 – use data to avoid emotional decisions

While trusting your gut is important, you also need to make data-based decisions whenever possible. Lesson learned number two is to use data to avoid emotional decisions. I remain amazed at the number of emotional decisions that I witness leaders make on a regular basis. If there is data available to inform your decision – use it. If your emotions are getting the better of you, calm yourself before making the decision. You will thank me later. We all get worked up at times, and it is perfectly okay to show your emotions as a leader. Don’t let them rule your decisions.

Data helps leaders make better decisions.

Lesson Learned #3- watch out for decision fatigue as your day progresses

Decision fatigue is a real challenge for all leaders. We all know this – making a lot of decisions is exhausting. Lesson learned number three is to watch out for decision fatigue as the day progresses. This article describes the scientific research related to decision fatigue and recommends four ways to counter it. They are listed below.

Limit unnecessary or unimportant decision-making.
Make important decisions first thing in the morning
Indulge in sugary snacks
Be self-aware

I agree with these recommendations, especially the first two. If you are “hangry” – eat something, although a healthy snack is a better choice than a snickers bar.

This video describes a few clever ways to counter decision fatigue.

Lesson Learned #4 – Groupthink is more common if you speak first

You need to let others share their thoughts before you do when making a decision. Lessons learned number four is that groupthink is more common if you speak first as the leader. It is human nature that most subordinates want to make their boss happy. One way to do that is to agree with your boss, especially in a group setting. It takes bravery and courage for anyone to tell their boss he is wrong. If you speak first, don’t be surprised if the group falls in line and agrees with everything you say. As a leader, you want insights from others, so let them share their perspective before you say anything. This lesson learned is particularly challenging for high-energy and action-oriented leaders. If that is you – calm down and keep your mouth shut, or else you run the risk of shutting down great ideas from your team.

Bottom line – leverage these four lessons learned for making good decisions

Pay attention to your gut response
Use data to avoid emotional decisions.
Watch out for decision fatigue as your day progresses.
Groupthink is more common if you speak first.

Not every decision needs to be made now. In fact, some never need to be made again.
Erin Wildermuth

ATW! is designed to make you a better leader

All The Way Leadership!

Practical tactical tips leaders leverage for making good decisions

I listened intently as our leader spoke. He was letting us know about the big decision. He made it without consulting anyone. This leader claimed that everyone in the organization would agree. In fact, it was a bad move. Our leader was on the road to ruin. Fast forward a year and things were not good. His bad decision derailed the entire organization. Our leader made a classic mistake and paid the price. He did not know the practical tactical tips leaders leverage to make good decisions.

Practical tactical tips for making good decisions

All The Way Leadership! believes that strong leaders know how to make good decisions. They usually make good decisions for their teams. It is important that leaders ask insightful questions about the best way to make good decisions. In this post, I share some practical tactical tips (PTTs) for how to make good decisions based on experience. Simple advice for new leaders to follow.

Practical tactical tips can help you avoid making bad decisions.

Practical Tactical Tip (PTT) #1 – Choose the best method for making group decisions

Many times a group of leaders will make an important decision together. In this scenario, the group should choose the best method for making the decision as early as possible in the process. There is a big difference between a general consensus decision, a majority vote, and a unanimous decision. Making unanimous decisions is the most challenging. You want diverse opinions and views for big decisions which may lead to disagreement about the best path forward.

Voting is one method for making a decision.

PTT#2 – The bigger the decision the more voices needed

Big decisions are usually hard to make. The reason is that you do not want to blow it. Therefore, it is practical for a leader to confer with others when making a big decision. The bigger the decision the more voices you need at the table. You should avoid making mega-decisions on your own, or with just a few advisors. Indeed, sometimes you have to due to time pressures. But, you should aim to get as much input as possible whenever you are making a big decision as a leader.

Include many voices when making big decisions.

PTT#3 – Not making a decision is making a decision

No one likes indecisive leaders. They drive their teams crazy by taking forever to make decisions. Worse yet, they don’t ever make a decision. The reality is that if you avoid deciding you are actually making a decision. You are letting down your team, and putting your fate in the hands of others. Avoid this scenario at all costs. People don’t like working for leaders who cannot make timely decisions.

Working for an indecisive leader is frustrating.

Remember – Consensus is usually sufficient

One final reminder. Remember that consensus is usually sufficient for most decisions. It is rare that you will get everyone to agree on the best path forward, especially for big decisions. Consensus building requires time and energy, but it is well worth the investment, and much easier than making unanimous decisions.

Consensus doesn’t happen by magic… You have to drive to it.
Christine Quinn

ATW! is designed to make you a better leader

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Insightful questions strong leaders ask to make good decisions

We were in crisis management mode. I briefed the leader and her team about the situation, the options available, and our recommendation. After the briefing, she asked her leadership team for their thoughts. Most of them concurred. “How long do I have to make this decision?” she asked. We need a decision now. She approved the recommendation and we moved into execution mode. The crisis was averted. This leader was well prepared to handle this situation because she always asked insightful questions when making decisions.

Strong leaders ask insightful questions when making decisions.

I believe that all leaders want to make good decisions

All The Way Leadership! believes that strong leaders know how to make good decisions. They usually make good decisions for their teams. Based on my experience it is because strong leaders ask good questions. Below you will find four insightful questions (IQs) that strong leaders ask before making a decision.

IQ#1- How long do you have to make the decision?

This question is crucially important for any leader to consider. You only get so much time to make decisions. There is a big difference between having a few minutes, several hours, a day, a week, a month, or even longer. Make sure you understand how long you have so that you spend the time wisely. If the deadline is tight move quickly. If you have plenty of time don’t squander it and have to make a last-minute decision because you procrastinated.

Use your time wisely when making decisions

Strong leaders make timely and informed decisions

Strong leaders make the most of the time they have when making decisions. They move quickly when necessary. They take more time when they have it, or if they have to make a decision with serious consequences. I cannot count on my hands how many times I watched a leader wait forever before considering their options and selecting one. For any leader, if you and your team are always making last-minute decisions then you have a process problem that needs attention, or you fail to ask this insightful question when given the opportunity.

Last-minute decisions can create big problems.

IQ#2 – How big is this decision?

The size of the decisions you make matters. The bigger the impact the more time you should use to make the decision. Jeff Bezos believes leaders should not use a one size fits all approach. Many small decisions you can make quickly while others may take more analysis. In some situations, you will not have much time available before moving forward. Do the best you can to get input from others for big decisions. Don’t sweat the small stuff. Decide and move ahead.

Making big decisions can be intimidating.

Strong leaders get more data, perspectives, and feedback for big decisions

Leaders need to get feedback from their stakeholders before they make a big decision. The general rule of thumb – the bigger the decision the more data, perspectives, and feedback you should gather before making it. It is critical that you get inputs from others in order to move your team forward after the decision is made.

It helps to have big brains for big decisions.

IQ#3 – Should team members and other stakeholders be involved in the decision?

The short answer is yes, as much as possible. My recommendation is that you walk them through the decision-making process, and answer any questions along the way. It will get real for your team the closer you get to making the decision. Some days, you will not have enough time to include your team members or other stakeholders. In this case, inform them about the decision as soon as possible after it is made and answer questions then.

Make sure your team is bought into the decision.

Strong leaders don’t make all decisions alone

Never make all your decisions alone, even if you make great decisions most of the time. This misstep sends a clear message to others that you do not value their perspectives, expertise, or insights. If you choose this path, you will be limited to your own thinking and experience. At a minimum be sure to bounce your thoughts off others to make sure you are not making a big mistake.

Making most decisions alone can be overwhelming.

IQ#4 – Should I ask for guidance from my boss before making the decision?

The right answer is hell yes if it is a big decision. It will keep you aligned with your boss and give you top cover. Besides your boss may provide helpful guidance that you will not get unless you ask for it. For smaller decisions, you may not need guidance from your boss. In fact, I believe that strong leaders make as many decisions as possible at their level to avoid bothering their boss with trivial details. Lastly, it is not uncommon for a leader to mistake who owns the decision. When you talk with your boss about the decision, get clarity so that you do not waste your energy on decisions that are not yours to make, or have already been made for you.

Keeping your boss informed is vital to success.

Take the time to ponder insightful questions

Strong leaders understand the importance of making good decisions. They ask insightful questions. They confirm how much time they have to make decisions. Strong leaders assess the size of the decision based on its impact. They include others when making big decisions, and get guidance from their boss to make sure they are aligned. Be that kind of leader.

Whenever you see a successful business, someone once made a courageous decision.
Peter Drucker

ATW! is designed to make you a better leader

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The legacy of MLK continues to grow with each passing year

Martin Luther King, Jr. remains a personal hero of mine. I believe MLK is one of the greatest leaders America ever produced. His name belongs among other American titans like Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, Teddy Roosevelt, and Ike Eisenhower. Here are five reasons why his legacy continues to grow with each passing year, and why we celebrate his life today.

1. MLK leveraged his strengths to the advantage of others

Martin Luther King, Jr. did not have much power at all as a leader. He was an African-American man living in the segregated south. Whites and blacks were not equal. He was not a wealthy man either. MLK did possess several strengths that he leveraged to the advantage of others. First and foremost, he was a man of deep faith. Trained as a Baptist minister after completing college, he based his worldview on his Christian faith. He often quoted scripture when speaking and writing to justify the righteousness of the civil rights cause. Brilliant – preach the truth to the racists who claimed to be Christians. Little did they know at the time how foolish they look in retrospect.

Fools find no pleasure in understanding
but delight in airing their own opinions.
Proverbs 18:2

2. He fought the battle with ideas

Martin Luther King, Jr. was a smart man. He passed the entrance exam for Morehouse college at age 15. He graduated with a degree four years later. MLK completed seminary, earned a Master’s degree, and received his Ph.D. by age 26. Impressive academic credentials that would serve him well over the years. If you read his writings or listen to his speeches they are both inspirational and logical. It is hard to pull apart his positions or argue against them. Many tried – most failed. MLK decided to fight his battles with ideas and non-violence. Genius move on his part. His enemies, critics, and antagonists were not sure how to respond. They did not realize that he fought from higher ground and held the advantage. Rather than the other way around.

3. MLK learned big ideas from others

Martin Luther King, Jr. was a Christian, and he was willing to learn from others. His non-violent approach to the civil rights struggle was rooted in his faith and modeled after Gandhi’s actions when battling the British empire. According to a trusted internet source, from the early days of the Montgomery bus boycott Martin Luther King, Jr., referred to India’s Mahatma Gandhi as “the guiding light of our technique of nonviolent social change”. MLK realized the odds were stacked against him. He decided to learn from another leader who faced a similar situation and won. Ingenious idea – it worked. In the end, both were victorious.

4. He spoke with clarity and purpose

Martin Luther King, Jr., is arguably one of the greatest orators in American history. When MLK spoke, he inspired others to act. The words he said, the ideas he offered still reverberate across the world today. He was clear and spoke with purpose. It is a divine talent that few possess. Imagine for a moment the pressure MLK must have felt as he stood before hundreds of thousands on the National Mall. The “I have a dream speech” he gave that day is considered to be one of the best speeches ever. Right up there with Lincoln’s Gettysburg address. Every time I hear MLK’s speech I am inspired to be a better person and dream of the world he described.

One of the best speeches in American history.

5. MLK chose the harder path

Martin Luther King, Jr. paid the ultimate price for the civil rights cause. He was assassinated on April 4th, 1968. What a tragic loss for America, and the world. His early death is strikingly similar to President Lincoln’s. Both were gunned down by madmen. Both decided to take the harder path and paid the price. Lincoln and MLK both took America to a new mountaintop, a better place. I am grateful for both of them. I especially admire MLK’s decision to take the high road, the harder path. His life greatly impacted mine. I was born only a few short months before he died, and I cannot imagine what the world would be like without him. I am reminded of his impact every time I hear the song “Pride (In the Name of Love)” by U2. A song they wrote in tribute to him.

We still have a long way to climb

America and the rest of the world still have a long way to go when it comes to equality and civil rights. In fact, I think one could argue that we have taken a few steps backward this past decade. That needs to change. Let’s move forward to the next mountaintop. To go backward would sully the legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr. A man whose legacy continues to grow with each passing year.

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Strong leaders know how to make good decisions

A few months ago I wrote about the fact that strong leaders make good decisions for their teams. The next series of blogs will describe in more detail how to make a good decision. This month we will begin with a simple process to use for making decisions.

In any moment of decision, the best thing you can do is the right thing, the next best thing is the wrong thing, and the worst thing you can do is nothing.
President Theodore Roosevelt

Some leaders are not good when it comes to making decisions

Years ago, I worked for a leader who did not know how to make good decisions. In fact, he struggled to make any decisions. Our team spent hours, days, and weeks waiting for this leader to make decisions so that we could move forward. The organization put this leader in charge of an important project. He waffled with every decision. This leader did not know what he was doing and we did not deliver. It was a painful experience for all of us and did not end well for this leader.

The leader who replaced him knew how to make good decisions

A new leader was put in charge. This leader knew how to make decisions. She gathered the team to decide on the overall approach so that we could get moving. She followed a standard process for making decisions. Even though all team members did not agree with every decision we were able to get to the finish line. A final product was delivered that was well-received. I watched in wonder as she turned around a bad situation in a month. It was a pleasure working for a leader who knew how to make good decisions.

Strong leaders include others when making decisions

A tool to help you make a decision

As a leader, it is important that you know how to make a decision. When I was in the military we were trained in military decision-making to be better leaders. In the civilian world, I recommend you follow a similar process. The diagram found below shows a standard decision-making process. On the left is the military model. The right is a civilian translation of the process. It is simple to understand.

A side-by-side comparison of decision-making processes

Use this 8-step process for making decisions

Identify the problem – what are you trying to solve?
Establish decision criteria – what factors will you use to make the decision?
Weight decision criteria – what is most important when making the decision?
Generate alternatives – what are the different ways you can solve the problem?
Evaluate the alternative – what are the plusses and minuses of the different options?
Choose the best alternative – make the decision based on your analysis.
Implement the decision – move forward with the decision and make it happen.
Evaluate the decision – was it a good decision or not, in retrospect?

Follow a standard process when making decisions.

An example of bad decision making

Decades ago I worked for a commander who was not afraid to make decisions. But, he consistently made bad ones, especially when it came to discipline. He graduated from a small military college, not West Point nor the Citadel. There he learned the questionable principle that you punish everyone when anyone makes a mistake. That approach may work in the make-believe world he experienced during his college days, but it certainly does not work well in the real US Army. This fact did not bother him. Instead, he kept punishing the whole unit for the infractions of a few. In general, I found his discipline decisions annoying but was not overly concerned.

Most military schools require a lot of discipline.

He continued making bad decisions

One day our unit experienced a serious incident. Special equipment was missing. We went into lockdown to find the item. After many intense hours of searching it was finally located. One soldier was mad at our commander regarding all the discipline and decided to fight back by trying to steal something. Our Commander went ballistic. My fellow leaders and I recommended he punish the person responsible severely, but not involve anyone else. He ignored our counsel and punished every single soldier in our unit. I received an official letter of reprimand along with all my peers. As you might imagine the commander’s decision was not well received by any of us.

A person who has been punished is not less inclined to behave in a given way; at best, he learns how to avoid punishment.
B.F. Skinner

No one supported this leader when he needed them the most

After that horrible decision, the commander paid the price. He lost everyone’s trust. In the not-too-distant future, something happened that called into question our commander’s conduct. A serious allegation was made against him – lying to receive a personal award. His boss launched an investigation that included interviews with all his subordinates. No one supported him, nor spoke a positive word on his behalf. They threw the book at him. The commander was fired in shame and sent away. His boss was wise enough to know that you only punish those responsible, not everyone.

Military justice can be severe when needed.

What about you?

Do you know how to make good decisions? Do you follow a clearly defined process when making decisions? If not, it is time to learn how. If so, you will enjoy the next few blogs. We are going to explore this topic in detail to include points to ponder, practical tactical tips, and lessons learned based on decades of experience.

ATW! is designed to make you a better leader

All The Way Leadership!

A special Veterans Day tribute to the best veteran I ever knew

Last month my family laid my father, Colonel Richard Keating, to rest in Arlington National Cemetery. He was a veteran and cared deeply about other veterans, everyone who wore a uniform in service to the country he loved. My dad served over 23 years in the Army as an Infantry Officer, starting in the 82d Airborne Division. He went on to become a Green Beret who fought bravely for his country during three tough combat tours in Vietnam. Veteran’s Day had a special meaning for my father. I am reposting this blog in honor of him.

My father during one of his tours in Vietnam.

My father rarely ever cried

I looked over at my dad and noticed he was crying. It is not often that my father was moved to tears. He usually did not cry on Veterans Day. My dad, my sons called him Opa, was one of the toughest people I ever knew. He was an Airborne Ranger Special Forces officer who survived three tours in Vietnam without a scratch. He also had a big heart. I only recalled him crying when family members passed away.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2485.jpg — My dad sitting in front of the WWII memorial in Washington DC.

Veteran’s Day 2017 was a special one

My brother and I had the privilege of escorting my dad to the Vietnam Memorial in Washington DC. Opa participated in a ceremony with his 1956 West Point classmates. Each year those who are still here gather at the wall to honor one of their classmates who perished during the war. They read the names of the fallen, share the story of one in detail, and then walk down to where the name of that person is etched on the wall to place a wreath.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2486.jpg — My father sitting in front of the Vietnam War memorial.

Family members of the fallen participate

It is a simple ceremony – nothing fancy. No long speeches, no politicians, no fanfare. Just a small group of veterans honoring one of their own. It was one of the most powerful Veteran’s Day events I have ever witnessed. I can understand why my dad cried during the ceremony. I teared up more than once while there.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2488.jpg — Kicking off the informal ceremony for the USMA class of 1956.

Visiting the wall is difficult for many veterans like my dad

I am really glad that Opa was brave and decided to participate in the ceremony. He usually didn’t. My dad is a Vietnam veteran. He served three tough tours there. He lost a lot of friends in the war. Visiting the wall was a draining event for him. It was an emotional one. The wall reminded him of the war, battles fought, lives lost, and the complicated aftermath.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2487.jpg — My brother and Dad read names on the wall.

Many veterans thrived after Vietnam

Fortunately, my father was able to return to the states and live a healthy and productive life after the war. My brother and I are the direct beneficiaries of my dad’s ability to put the war behind him and fulfill the American dream – to provide for your children so that they have an even better life than the one you lived. I have the same dream for my children and will do all that I can to make that happen. I want them to have a better life than mine. The reason veterans fight is for a better tomorrow.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2493.jpg — Several of my dad’s classmates went on to be generals.

Veteran’s Day is for telling stories

My dad was a generous person and was always willing to help others in need. I experienced this firsthand as his son and witnessed it as he interacted with others. I saw another example of it during this ceremony. After we walked down to the wall Opa called over one of the family members who attended. He was the grown son of a fallen classmate. He is probably my age, or maybe even a little bit older. My dad let this family member know that he was good friends with his father many years ago. Opa shared a funny story that the man had never heard before.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2492.jpg — Veterans catching up and telling stories.

Veterans know stories that family members need to hear

Dad proceeded to tell the son of his fallen classmate about his father. What his dad was like as a man. How he was a strong, smart, and brave soldier. Opa thought about the world of his classmate and was very sad when he learned about the untimely death of his good friend. My father was emotional – his eyes welled up with tears. Fond memories mixed with painful blasts from the past. It was a difficult thing for my dad to do, but he did it anyway. Opa gave this man a special gift that morning. The gift of knowing that his own dad was a great soldier. Afterward, the man thanked Opa for his service, and more importantly for letting him know about his father.

Opa talking to son of fallen classmate — Opa tells a story to the son of a fallen classmate – the gift of memories.

Thank you to all veterans

It is impossible to calculate the toll war takes on a nation, especially its veterans. So it is important that we honor those who have served. The brave men and women who have sacrificed so much for our country. They deserve our respect and gratitude. My father is from a generation that fought an unpopular war, in an unknown part of the world, for reasons that are still somewhat of a mystery to this day. It was tough, but he and his generation did their part.

From this day to the end of time, without our being remembered: we few, we happy few, we band of brothers—for whoever sheds his blood with me today shall be my brother. However humble his birth, this day shall grant him nobility.
Henry V by William Shakespeare

Today’s veterans deserve our thanks

For the past two decades, our country was entangled in a long war that has cost our nation dearly. Today’s veterans face many of the same challenges that my dad and his classmates did many years ago. One day many years from now they too will gather together and talk about the wars they fought. As for you – do your part. If you see any veterans – thank them for their service. They deserve it, just like my dad.

This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is IMG_2490.jpg — More stories about fellow veterans.

ATW! is designed to make you a better leader

All The Way Leadership!